Cell-based test systems for assessing the safety of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and biocidal products

Fraunhofer IGB develops specific in-vitro model systems to test pharmaceutical agents, cosmetic preparations, and chemicals such as pesticides and biocidal products, and to assess their potential hazards to humans and the environment. Depending on the specific issue, the test systems range from simple 2D cell assays to organoids and complex 3D tissue models.

Safety and environmental compatibility of chemical substances for human health and the environment

Pharmaceuticals are essential for human and animal health, but increased consumption and their often uncritical use lead to an increase in harmful and permanent residues in the environment, which can have undesirable effects on organisms, populations and ecosystems. Surface and groundwater as well as soils are particularly affected by this. They enter the food chain through drinking water and agricultural products and thus harm not only ecosystems but also humans. The same is true for pesticides and biocidal products, which are released into the environment when used.

 

Reduction of problematic chemicals in the environment: through removal and minimizing their discharge

Technical solutions for the collection and elimination of pollutants, e.g. PFAS or drug residues, from wastewater provide a remedy to reduce the harmful effects of persistent substances via drinking water.

At the same time, it is crucial to minimize the entry of chemicals, pollutants and pharmaceuticals into the environment and to focus on the development of more environmentally friendly or biodegradable ingredients. Furthermore, it is essential to provide methods for a fast assessment of their hazard potential – even at high-throughput rates.

Branch with sprout.

In-vitro model systems for assessing the risk potential of substances to humans and the environment

This is exactly what we are working on at Fraunhofer IGB. The Cell and Tissue Technologies department is developing specific in-vitro model systems to test pharmaceutical ingredients, cosmetic preparations, but also chemicals such as pesticides and biocidal products, and to assess their hazard potential for humans and the environment. The test systems range from simple cell-based 2D assays to organoids and complex 3D tissue models, depending on the scientific question.

We achieve the outstanding predictivity of our in-vitro model systems primarily through the following core technologies: 

  • Targeted development of cell-based reporter test systems that can be used to detect local effects (e.g. sensitization) as well as broader physiological effects (e.g. toxic effects caused by endocrine mechanisms)
  • Use of selected receptors (immune and hormone receptors) that act as biosensors for point-of-care diagnostics by binding specific ligands

Advantages and technological readiness of the test systems

Our specific reporter cells are based on primary cells from healthy donors. Isolated directly from the original tissue, these cells – in contrast to commercial cell lines from tumor tissues – resemble the in-vivo state of the cells and exhibit normal physiology. Through targeted immortalization, the isolated primary cells can be continuously cultivated and are therefore reproduceable and available without restriction. Due to these properties, they are ideally suited as model systems for investigating the effects of active ingredients and toxic substances on cells and characterizing their hazard potential. By using cell-based test systems, we can realistically simulate the in-vivo situation and analyze cell reactions in real time.

Cell-based assays, particularly those based on reporter cells, are also highly efficient and save time and money thanks to photometric evaluation methods. Reporter gene assays are invaluable for investigating gene expression or the activation of cell signaling pathways. The activation of cell signaling pathways is detected and measured by quantifying the expression of the reporter gene. Our reporter gene assays enable us to pursue very specific questions in real time, for example whether and to what extent substances trigger allergic reactions or lead to harmful effects.

Table: Test systems established at Fraunhofer IGB for analyzing different effects of substances

Test system Tested substance effect Technology readiness level
Sensitization in cell-based assays and in 3D full-thickness skin models Triggering allergic reactions TRL 9
Inflammation in cell-based assays and in 3D full-thickness skin models Triggering inflammatory reactions TRL 9
Toxicity in cell-based assays Proof of cytotoxic effect TRL 9
Endocrine effect in cell-based assay Harmful effects that are triggered by influencing the endocrine system TRL 2
Combinatorial metabolic and hormonal effects (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, leptin receptor and estrogen receptor) Harmful effects that are triggered by influencing the endocrine system  TRL 2
Combinatorial effects of cell stress in cell-based assays Triggering of ER stress, oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions TRL 8

Collaboration and spectrum of services

© Fraunhofer IGB

The established cell-based test and screening assays using reporter systems have been patented and are available to our customers and project partners exclusively for contract analyses or via out-licensing.

With our expertise, we are happy to develop further models according to the specific requirements of our customers. Our technologies can be used for numerous applications in medicine, pharmacy and veterinary medicine, in environmental biotechnology, in industrial biotechnology and for biotechnological processes in general.

Services at a glance

 

Applying our cell-based screening and assessment methods for environmental hazard prediction, e.g. of endocrine disruptors, we are able to assess the sustainability of pharmaceuticals/pesticides/biocides during the development phase.

 

Contract testing of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, biocidal products 

  • Screening of new substances and substitutes
  • Studies on the release of active ingredients
  • Studies on the effect on skin and intestine
  • Mode of action of pharmaceuticals and active ingredients
  • Studies on wound healing
  • Toxicological evaluation of chemicals and products
  • Analysis of environmental influences on skin physiology

 

Establishing customized reporter gene assays for customer-specific questions 

  • Detection of molecular substance reactions
    • effect-centered (e.g. for the detection of ER stress)
    • substance-centered (e.g. for combinatorial detection of metabolic and endocrine effects of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances, PFAS).
  • Detection of effects on the central nervous system
    • Detection of neurotoxins, e.g. by means of acetylcholine receptors
  • Detection of effects on the cardiovascular system 
    • Detection of cardiotoxins, e.g. using HER2 receptors
  • Detection of carcinogenic effects
    • by means of growth factor-specific receptors, e.g. EGF receptor
  • Detection of teratogenic effects
    • by means of certain nuclear receptors, e.g. PPARd

Our developments and offers

 

Cell-based assays for diagnostics, quality control, screening

We offer cell-based assay systems for diagnostics, quality control, drug screening, and pyrogen detection. These are suitable for testing medical devices and pharmaceutical formulations for pyrogenicity and can supplement or replace existing tests.

 

3D skin models as test system

 

Our 3D skin models represent the complex physiology of the skin, including the intact skin barrier. By integrating immune cells and reporter systems to activate immune signaling pathways, they are suited for in-vitro testing of substances for toxicity, cell stress and allergenicity or immunomodulatory properties.

 

Organoids and spheroids

 

We establish organoids from stem cells and spheroids from (tumor) cell lines as multicellular 3D in-vitro microtissues. These mimic the microenvironment of cells, including the morphological and physiological properties of complex tissues and organs. A focus is on disease models (cancer, small intestine) and intestinal models for screening active substances and probiotics.

Contact us

Anke Burger-Kentischer

Contact Press / Media

Dr. Anke Burger-Kentischer

Head of Department Cell and Tissue Technologies

Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB
Nobelstr. 12
70569 Stuttgart

Phone +49 711 970-4023

Fax +49 711 970-4200